specimen tenant

VANC•, R: written, waiting on you to press send. Separation request, window closes in 2 days.

The claims desk is holding 6 open claims. The next window closes in 2 days on VANC•, R, and 1 filing is written and waiting on you to press send.

6 claims, soonest to close first. Every window is computed by the rules table from the date on the notice, never typed.

day, counted from the notice

It arrives in the mail, and it reaches the person who can answer it about four days later.

A former employee files. The state mails a request for separation information to your address of record and gives you a short window to answer it. It asks what the last day worked was, why they left, and whether you have documents.

The outline is the range across the 49 states the table has sourced. The solid bar is California.

California’s page, with every source

Separation responsefrom the date printed on the notice of claim
10d2d, Alaska15d, Delaware
Benefit-charge protestfrom the date printed on the quarterly statement
60d10d, Hawaii60d, California
Appeal of a determinationfrom the determination date
30d7d, New Jersey45d, Minnesota

Four causes of overpaid benefits turn on facts the employer holds. States paid out $2.32 billion on them in one year.

None of the figures below is ours. Each row names the federal file it was read out of and the date it was read, and says whether the government prints that figure or whether we added its rows up ourselves.

FigureWhat it countsRead from
$2,319,492,170Unemployment benefits overpaid in the twelve months to June 2025 under the four causes an employer holds the evidence for: benefit year earnings, separation issues, base period wage issues, and severance, vacation, SSI or pension. This total is the sum of those four cause rows in DOL's file. DOL does not print it.US DOL, Estimated Overpayments by Cause, July 2024 to June 2025Read 2026-09-05
$807,813,824DOL's own printed row, "Sum of estimated dollars overpaid where an employer did not take action as required". It is 17.127 percent of every dollar the program overpaid that year.US DOL, Benefit Accuracy Measurement annual report, performance year 2024Read 2026-09-05
$444,059,249The largest single line inside that total, printed as "Employer Did Not Respond to request for information". The state asked, and nobody answered.US DOL, Benefit Accuracy Measurement annual report, performance year 2024Read 2026-09-05
41 percentSeparation requests left unanswered, out of 4.2 million sent between May 2015 and April 2016, by employers who had already signed up for the state electronic exchange. The same audit found that 19.8 percent of employers with claims had signed up at all.US DOL Office of Inspector General, report 04-17-003-03-315, 31 March 2017Read 2026-09-05
33.87 percentEmployers filed 194,504 lower-authority unemployment appeals in calendar 2025 and won 65,885 of them. Every state reports this monthly and DOL counts them all, so it is a census and not a sample. It counts appeals of an eligibility determination rather than protests of a benefit charge, so read it as a proxy for how often an employer wins when it contests.US DOL, ETA 5130 Benefit Appeals Report, section CRead 2026-09-05
1,790 of 4,947Ohio decided 4,947 employer appeals in calendar 2025 and 1,790 went the employer's way, 36.2 percent. Ohio grants charge relief when the separation is found disqualifying and the employer filed inside 21 days, so in Ohio winning that appeal is how the charge comes off the account.Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, Form UC 207, fourth quarter 2025Read 2026-09-05
265,034Active Ohio employer accounts at the end of June 2026, against those 4,947 employer appeals. That is about two appeals a year for every hundred employer accounts in the state.Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, Form UC 199, June 2026Read 2026-09-05

Two numbers that cannot be divided into each other. Equifax says on its own page that its clients recover over $200 million in charge errors each year. It publishes no client count and no year with that figure, and its own footnote on it reads “Equifax data”. States paid out the $2,319,492,170 in the first row above, and the Department of Labor estimates that figure from a sample it runs in every state. The two do not share a denominator, so a percentage made out of them would be arithmetic pretending to be a measurement.

Set beside each other they are an order of magnitude apart. What the largest vendor in this market says it wins back for its whole client base is a small part of the money that turns on facts an employer already has in a filing cabinet.

Unemploy works the fourth row. A separation request answered inside the state’s window is the fact the whole chain turns on. Answer it and the determination is made on your evidence. Miss it and the claim is allowed, your account is charged for the duration of that claim, and the charge sits in your experience rate for the next three years.